The World Communicates-Physics Essay Example

The World Communicates-Physics Paper The wave model can be used to explain how current technologies transfer information. Describe the energy transformations required in one of the following: * Mobile Telephone Mobile telephones have built in microphones that changes sound waves ib Describe waves as a transfer of energy disturbance that may occur in one, two or three dimensions, depending on the nature of the wave and the medium Identify that mechanical waves require a medium for propagation while electromagnetic waves do not Mechanical: Requires a medium for propagation (ie. Travel through) Eg. Sound Waves, Water Waves, Waves in a string .. Electromagnetic: Do not require a medium for propagation (ie. EM Waves can pass through a vacuum) Eg. Light, Infrared, UV, X rays, Gamma Rays, Radio waves, Microwaves .. Define and apply the following terms of the wave model: Medium, displacement, amplitude, period, compression, rarefaction, crest, trough, transverse waves, longitudinal waves, frequency, wavelength velocity. Describe the relationship between particle motion and the direction of energy propagation in transverse and longitudinal waves Quantify the relationship between velocity, frequency and wavelength v=f? Where v = velocity, f = frequency ? = wavelength (lambda) Features of a wave model can be used to account for the properties of sound. Identify that sound waves are vibrations or oscillations of particles in a medium Relate compressions and rarefactions of sound waves to the crests and troughs of transverse waves used to represent them Explain qualitatively that pitch is related to frequency and volume to amplitude of sound waves Explain an echo as a reflection of a sound wave Describe the principle of superposition and compare the resulting waves to the original waves in sound We will write a custom essay sample on The World Communicates-Physics specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The World Communicates-Physics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The World Communicates-Physics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The World Communicates-Physics The World Communicates-Physics The World Communicates-Physics

knights of labor essays

knights of labor essays The successes and failures of the Knights of Labor, have generated many controversial issues that have helped shape the North American labor movement. The Knights of Labor were originally part of the Trades and Labor Congress of Canada when it was organized in 1886 but were expelled after the Berlin Convention in 1902. It was during these years that the Knights of Labor enjoyed their peak success, and also contributed to their disappearance before World War I. Unquestionably the Knights of Labor was a popular movement, and was growing at an alarming rate. The members put the labor movement on the map, reaching groups that had never been reached before and teaching things about land, money, immigration, and government ownership that had never been taught before. The Knights of Labor tried one way and failed, but is it appropriate to ask, who has found another way and succeeded? It is a mistake to think that the North American Labor movement has outgrown the Knights of Labor. In functions, organizations, and ideas, perhaps, but not in opinion. Emphasis on the principle of solidarity was the beginning of understanding the Knights of Labor. Strange names and titles, rituals, secrecy, forms of organization, and even activities, were all secondary principles. The main objective of the Order was to teach the American wage earner that he was a wage earner first and a bricklayer, shoemaker, carpenter, and/or miner ,etc. after. It also taught that he was a wage earner first and a Catholic, Protestant, Jew, white, black, Democrat, or Republican, after. However, the main objective of the order was to organize all nationalities, races, creeds, and grades of skill into one common labor union, in which all members earned their living by the sweat of their brow. The federation was a part fraternal, part union organization designed to settle labor disputes throughout North America. It drew many races of people including blacks,...

German Ethnolinguistic Nationalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 231

German Ethnolinguistic Nationalism - Essay Example The German leader at that time, Adolf Hitler, developed an ethnonational doctrine that protected the state as a German territory. This move worked to protect the state against an erosion of dissenting opinions. This led to the brutal evacuation of cultural groups that were against the German ethnocultural nationalism. The German ethnocultural push was motivated by the obsession of the domestic cultural affairs of the German nationalists. This act is responsible for the destruction of the native culture that faced the wrath of the violent nature of the German ethnic nationalism resurgence. Their struggle to maintain peace and keep their communities intact forced most kingdoms and empires to conform to the German system (Smith, 2009). The rebellions faced in the kingdoms were met with repulsive forces that forced the rebellious groups out of their native lands. The German system disentangled many ancient kingdoms in their quest to ensure the German ethnic affairs are adopted. The exped ition to assert political power by the advanced European nations forced Germany to quit their focus on smaller territories but instead focus on larger untapped territories. The Germans wanted to acquire land for agriculture and settlement. The Germans desire for wealth also pushed them to reach out to the larger territories. One of the German cultures that they were eager to spread is the Christian religion. The Germans wanted to spread Christianity to the less civilized territories. The missionaries aimed to spread the religion through colonization. Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492. In addition, his desire for Christianity pushed the missionary to discover more territories to spread the religion. The biggest aim of the German expansion is their desire to control and expand the trade ties.

Resulting in the Relocation of Japanese Americans Essay

Resulting in the Relocation of Japanese Americans - Essay Example The United States President made the above Executive Order to protect American interests. The Enduring Visions’ Chapter 25 states that the president during 1942 was Franklin Delano Roosevelt (Boyer 765). The order instructed all military units to imprison all Japanese Americans in preselected military prison camps (http://www.ourdocuments.gov/). The order was made in order to restrict the movement of resident who are of Japanese ancestries. The United States war enemies of 1942 included Japan, Italy, and Germany. The order was meant to restrict the movements of the Japanese Americans, two months after Pearl Harbor was bombed by Japanese military pilots (Laurier 35). Further, the order instructed the military to give food, shelter and other comforts to the incarcerated civilians. The order does mention the nationalities of the persons to be rounded up and imprisoned. However, the letter clearly states that the military will include the Japanese residents among those to be picked up and locked up in military camps within the United States (http://www.ourdocuments.gov/). Furthermore, the United States instructed the Secretary of War and the military commander to spearhead seeking the help of the federal troops and the federal agencies to implement the order. Consequently, the United States President ordered all United States departments to collaborate with the military authorities’ implementation of order 9066 (http://www.ourdocuments.gov/). Moreover, the intentions of the order did not limit the current investigations of the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation. The bureau was investigating and weeding out possible saboteurs and spies from within the American communities having race relationships with the current United States war enemies. The bureau picked up and filed cases against proven Japanese spies and saboteurs (http://www.ourdocuments.gov/). Further, Executive order 9066 was issued during February of 1942. The document was made after Pearl Harbor was bombed by the Japanese airplanes during December 7, 1941. The Japanese bomb ing during was two hours (Lassier 89). Even though the order did not mention whether the targeted civilians were Japanese, German, or Italian residents, the general interpretation of the order was to only focus on the Japanese people. This is understandable because of the recent bombing of Pearl Harbor (http://www.ourdocuments.gov/). As proof, the military started to forcibly rounding up and transfer the Japanese Americans within the designation military zones. Secretary of State ordered the Military Commander, Lt. General Dewitt, as the military commander of the Western Defense Command overseeing the implementation of Executive Order 9066 on February 20, 1942. The military prison zones were located in the western halves of California, Oregon, and Washington. Likewise, the Southern half of Arizona was set as another military prison zone. As proof that the military zones are prison camps, the Japanese were restricted to only moving within the military zones

Frankenstein Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

Frankenstein - Essay Example In their writings, they use various images of the monster depending on the time they write the stories. The romantic period was basically characterized by a departure from the techniques and ideas of the preceding literary period. The literary period was more rational and scientific in nature. By contrast, romantic prose and poetry was used for expressing a new and visionary relationship to the imagination (Hobbler 14). The romantic poems always sought a way to capture and represent the experience and sublime moment. Therefore, the more personal the moment was, the better it was (Shelley 21). Many speakers in the romantic poems, for example, can not be virtually distinguished from the authors themselves. In her story about the Frankenstein the monster, Mary Shelley uses the aforementioned style to embrace and simultaneously contest this romantic idea. The moment in which she describes the Frankenstein is not a moment recalled from her personal experience. This moment is not a contemplative type of moment in nature (Fite 17). In addition, the moment she uses is not her own narrative voice but she still portrays a particular quest to achieve the sublime. Off course, that quest is the effort made by Victor Frankenstein to creature a living creature from laboratory raw materials. The quest creates some curiosity since it occurs with the confines of Victor Frankenstein’s secluded laboratory, unlike other natural environments of most romantic texts (Shelley 28). Victor Frankenstein believed that the creature would have been a blessing to him as its creator. He is a romantic character to an extent that he reflected the emphasis of romantic writers on a new way of seeing. Romantics believed that it took individual and collective imagination to create a new understanding of the world as well as leading to a perfect version of human beings and societies they lived in

Organizations face huge pressures

Organizations face huge pressures Factors forcing Change Organizations face huge pressures to change, from both internal and external sources, internal forces to change often as a result of long-term external forces. For example, Biggest Coal Mining companies internal pressure to expanding their activities to Coal mining and Energy plant Chemical industry, as a result of more and more other similar companies interested to engage with chemical industry. Internal Factors forcing change The factors internal to an organization that force changes can be identified through a formal analysis method. Most common among these methods is S.W.O.T. analysis. Strengths An organizations strengths, which help identify a competitive advantage or unique selling point, are of vital importance when deciding on changing the focus of the company. Weaknesses An organizations weaknesses are a real motivation to change. Weaknesses identified internally in a companys product or service, will require immediate attention and changing. The weakness would be resolved by a cultural change. Opportunities Opportunities that present themselves, like new contracts on other continents will force changes in the company, sometimes as simple as new working hours. With the differences in different customer expectations, modern companies need to remain flexible. Flexibility is a major cultural change that needs to be introduced. Threats Threats to an organization, usually in the form of competitors and substitution products force a company to react. To react effectively companies have to react quickly, which is a cultural change in a company. External Factors forcing change The factors external to an organization that force changes can be identified through the PESTELI acronym. Political Political factors would include the current and potential influences from political pressures such as unions and national pay agreements. Economic The local, national and world economy impact can force an organization into changing their work practices or even product prices. Social Changes in lifestyle absolutely force changes in organizations, but at a cultural level, socially changing attitudes towards work or ethical issues can also have effects on the culture inside an organization. Technical The ever-changing technical world in which we live has probably the most profound effect on organizational culture of all external factors. Technical improvement that allow employees to work from home, working teams to be separated by great distances and for customers to be located on the opposite side of the world from their suppliers. Anything that changes the day-to-day work of the employees has a profound effect on the organizations culture. Ecological The local, national and world ecological and environmental issues that have effects on culture at national levels filter down into the organizational culture within a company. Legislative The legal issues both locally and at an EU level, such as taxes and working time regulations also have effects on culture at a national level, filter down into the organizational culture within a company. Industry Industry changes have a huge effect on national culture. The move away from agriculture into industrial and now information economies has greatly changed the national working culture. WHAT IS ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE? Managers and employees do not perform their duties in a value-free vacuum, their work and the way its done are governed, directed and tempered by the organizations culture. Burnes, B. (2004) ‘Managing Change. There are three main factors affecting the culture of an Organization, These are: The Founders basic assumptions The national culture The task in hand. Gargan, D. (2005) ‘Change Management Lecture Notes The Founders basic assumptions In a typical company the founders set up small and grow the company from one basic good idea. These founders go into business to make money, pure and simple. However, depending on the nature of their work certain assumptions made by the founders will immediately set the culture for the initial and all future employees. For example, â€Å"Energy resource† companys founders found out powerful innovation Coal-to-liquid (CTL technology). This is going to be very huge project and founders working on it very precise. Thats why they push all employees, who will probably not be given too much freedom and all work would be carried out along strict guidelines and the basic idea of management not trusting staff may be in place. The Founders basic assumptions immediately set the working environment and culture within an organization. The national culture National attitudes to working determine the employees general attitude towards working. Now every employee is different, but when talking about culture at a national level there are some basic truths that always apply. Some national cultural behaviour will lead the company toward organizational change, while others will hamper it. National Cultures that help change: Mongolian people leaving work place at 6pm on Friday to go to pub. This helps change culture, Idea is it leads to more integrated working environment, where everyone ends up talking about work and discussing opportunities and threats. Society encouraging further education National Cultures that hinder change: Japanese people not leaving the office until their boss has. (Over tired and less productive staff) Lunchtime drinking culture Unions and their involvement National pay agreements The task in hand The task in hand it the major defining factor towards the culture of a company. If the companys job is mainly customer service, meeting and dealing with people, then the organizations culture should be focused to customer. However, if the company is an innovator, its culture should be one of exploration and give more individual freedom to the employees. In this case we need look at how cultural change turn mining company employees into power plant industry employees. At different levels within an organization there are usually different tasks. For example, in â€Å"Chemical industry† company, there may have 3 distinct groups. 1) Research and Development This group will have brain storming culture and scientific research for innovative technology. 2) Professional Services This group works directly with customers, culture will be more customer focused as they are under more pressure. 3) Sales The sales group will have a â€Å"Yes† culture, never turning down any opportunity, and putting pressure onto the other two groups to deliver. Organizations structure effects on Culture â€Å"Energy Resource† company organized with Matrix organization structure. Its resources are shunted around the organization to meet the demand for attention that tasks require. Employees work less in fixed groups for long periods and so no pockets of different cultures can grow, but rather if Employees are unhappy with their work, the chances are that they can be easily moved, so as to maintain good working culture. Factors forcing Change Organizations face huge pressures to change, from both internal and external sources, internal forces to change often as a result of long-term external forces. For example, Biggest Coal Mining companies internal pressure to expanding their activities to Coal mining and Energy plant Chemical industry, as a result of more and more other similar companies interested to engage with chemical industry. Internal Factors forcing change The factors internal to an organization that force changes can be identified through a formal analysis method. Most common among these methods is S.W.O.T. analysis. Strengths An organizations strengths, which help identify a competitive advantage or unique selling point, are of vital importance when deciding on changing the focus of the company. Weaknesses An organizations weaknesses are a real motivation to change. Weaknesses identified internally in a companys product or service, will require immediate attention and changing. The weakness would be resolved by a cultural change. Opportunities Opportunities that present themselves, like new contracts on other continents will force changes in the company, sometimes as simple as new working hours. With the differences in different customer expectations, modern companies need to remain flexible. Flexibility is a major cultural change that needs to be introduced. Threats Threats to an organization, usually in the form of competitors and substitution products force a company to react. To react effectively companies have to react quickly, which is a cultural change in a company. External Factors forcing change The factors external to an organization that force changes can be identified through the PESTELI acronym. Political Political factors would include the current and potential influences from political pressures such as unions and national pay agreements. Economic The local, national and world economy impact can force an organization into changing their work practices or even product prices. Social Changes in lifestyle absolutely force changes in organizations, but at a cultural level, socially changing attitudes towards work or ethical issues can also have effects on the culture inside an organization. Technical The ever-changing technical world in which we live has probably the most profound effect on organizational culture of all external factors. Technical improvement that allow employees to work from home, working teams to be separated by great distances and for customers to be located on the opposite side of the world from their suppliers. Anything that changes the day-to-day work of the employees has a profound effect on the organizations culture. Ecological The local, national and world ecological and environmental issues that have effects on culture at national levels filter down into the organizational culture within a company. Legislative The legal issues both locally and at an EU level, such as taxes and working time regulations also have effects on culture at a national level, filter down into the organizational culture within a company. Industry Industry changes have a huge effect on national culture. The move away from agriculture into industrial and now information economies has greatly changed the national working culture. WHO CAN CHANGE CULTURE? Changing the culture of an organization is an extremely difficult task, but it may be necessary to get the results required. If an organization were thought of as a restaurant, and the employees as the waiters, content and well looked after waiters would go about their jobs in a pleasant manner and as a result tips would be high and the restaurant turnover would be high, as customers would enjoy eating there. However, on the other hand, if working at the restaurant was made difficult for the waiters, with an unpleasant working environment and impersonal culture, they might not go about their jobs with such enthusiasm, a lack of motivation would become obvious in their demeanour, tips would be low and restaurant business would suffer. So its in an organizations best interests to maintain a healthy and productive working culture. Changing an organizations culture can be done at the three distinct levels with an organization: Executive Management, Middle Management and regular employee level. Lets look at them in turn and consider two very different football clubs (Manchester United and Arsenal) as differing organizations. At an Executive Management level Executive management are the group that direct the organizations goals. So, in order for them to effect cultural changes, they may have to change the organisations direction. The organisation may need to be streamlined in order to make provisions for the desired changes. Inspiring and motivating staff through vision and mission statements as well as overall policies would be a common approach taken at this level. Changes introduced at the executive management level are the most difficult changes to resist, because employees are largely powerless against them. In the terms of the football clubs, the executive management would be the boards of directors, who can release certain amounts of funding for the operation of the team and/or make performance goals for league finishing positions. At a Mid-Management level Middle management is the level from which most organisational change comes from. These changes can take the form of new operations rules (e.g. Forced timesheet logging). Changing the working practice for employees, by making their working life more strict or more lenient, pushing more responsibility onto the individual employees or smaller changes like more frequent or earlier meetings. However, changes enforced or imposed by the mid-management are the most resisted. In the terms of the football clubs, the middle management would be the team managers. The managers can effect change by shouting at players and demanding results, as done by Alex Ferguson at Manchester United, or by talking through the current issues are working for a solution together with the players, as done by Arsene Wenger at Arsenal. As a regular employee Regular employees can change the culture in an organisation in the most effective manner. Through an observed work ethic or levels of professionalism or levels of â€Å"completeness† in their work, employees can pressure other employees to change how they work and this will filter around the organisation, effecting the change. Now there are two types of motivation that people respond to. One, the people who are shouted at and told what to do and told there will be consequences if they do not perform. This was the kind of tactic employed by Roy Keane at Manchester united. Two, the people who like to be told that they are doing a great job and encouraged to do a little more, but encouraged by someone who was obviously performing better. This was the kind of tactic employed by Patrick Viera at Arsenal. Guidelines for changing culture (Burns 2004) 1) Formulate a clear strategic vision. An organisation needs a clear vision with a well define strategy and values in place in order to be effective. 2) Display top-management commitment. Cultural change needs to be managed from the top down. Executive management need to agree to the plan and stick to it. 3) Model culture change at the highest level. Cultural changes need to be communicated through the actions of executive management. Management need to lead by example. 4) Modify the organization to support organisational changes. Cultural changes need to be reflected in organisational changes in order to back them up, if at all possible. 5) Select and socialize newcomers and terminate deviants. To really effectively change organisation culture, those who resist the change may need to be let go. People stuck in their ways that cannot adapt are of no benefit to the organisation going forward, sometimes this will manifest itself in the form of early retirement. The hiring of new people will be done with the new organisation culture in mind. 6) Develop ethical and legal sensitivity. Changing a culture then radically changing all the staff in a company may not only send out the wrong message, but actually be illegal or in breech of union regulations. Such plans need to be enacted very carefully. Conclusion Culture is a complex beast, derived from the personalities of all the current and previous employees of an organisation. As such, changing culture is equivalent to changing peoples thinking, which is a non-trivial exercise. The intricacies of culture and office politics are potentially huge and the initially obvious culture may just be the tip of the iceberg as regards the culture at large. The culture of an organisation does indeed determine its ability to change effectively, but this is a good thing. For small innovative organisations, where the company is based around a core nucleus of core staff, the attitudes and actions arising from those people will define the culture, usually into a vibrant and dynamic workplace, capable of changing quickly and often ahead of the times. On the other hand, in mature hierarchical structured organisations that have a large amount of management supported by a lower amount of staff, the culture will become more complex. Large organisations that have this structure (e.g. Financial Institutions), take time to change effectively, because not only does the structure of the company mean that it will take time for the changes to be propagated around the organisations, but the changes are more likely to be resisted at every level down the hierarchy from the executive management to the â€Å"real† works, who the changes will most likely effect the greatest

Hunger Essay -- World Hunger Poverty Food Essays

Hunger Hunger is an issue which many people think lies little importance. Im going to give you a look at World Hunger as a Picture of Poverty, how it affects Third World Nations, and How World Hunger is a disease that is plaguing our society. "Food is more than a trade commodity," pleaded Sir John Boydorr in 1946. "It is an essential to life." The first director-general of the new Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Boydorr fruitlessly proposed plans for a World Food Board to protect nations and people from hunger in the world market system. That market system does not distribute food on the basis of nutritional need. This is one of the most troubling and complex realities of the world hunger problem. During recent famines in Ethiopia, in another example of the workings of the marketplace, foreign food aid begins trucked to famine areas from ships at the docks passed food leaving the famine areas on other vehicles. Merchants were taking food from famine areas to parts of the country where there was no famine. World Hunger and poverty can be seen in many ways. But first lets establish a solid definition of poverty : Poverty is a state in which the ability of individuals or groups to use power to bring about good for themselves, their families, and their community is weakened or blocked. When someone lacks food, this is referred to as material poverty. This sort of poverty can hurt people in many ways, it can hurts people's self esteem and it can also hurt their outlook on life. Lets say you come home from work to see your family, instead of seeing a family which is happy because it has a roof over its head you come home to see that your children don't have enough food on the table to keep them properly nourished. This hurts familys and tears some of them apart. It is also just a very cruel punishment because after a while of being hungry, you start to starve to death and when you starve, the body just starts to eat itself up to find the nourishment it needs. It can also effect people's outlook on life and on people in a major way. People who are denied food can start to hate life and everyone around them. There's also two instincts in life that will always kick in when your hungr y: The survival instinct which is to survive no matter what the situation is and the instinct to provide food for your family. I am not a father myself, ... ...itary force and start trying to live like Jesus would want us to and help our fellow brothers in Christ. Due to many self-centered greedy people, we have fellow humans starving to death. This can't keep going on because every time someone starves, we are not just hurting that person but we are also hurting ourselves. We all live in the world as one race with different sections. The sections being the different nationalities we have in the world. And whenever one division gets hurt, the whole gets weakened. We need to depend on each other to survive from day to day healthy. It is true the poverty is a main cause of world hunger but it isn't the only cause. If the economy was serving the people and not the other way around then more people would have the money needed to buy food to live from day to day. And if greedy governments gave some of he people money or food they would have money to buy food. If the Military stopped using so much money to make machines that kill, there would be more money for people to buy food with. And if more people cared there would be a lot less starving peopl e in this world. If this hunger doesn't end, I can see a very pathetic world in our future. Hunger Essay -- World Hunger Poverty Food Essays Hunger Hunger is an issue which many people think lies little importance. Im going to give you a look at World Hunger as a Picture of Poverty, how it affects Third World Nations, and How World Hunger is a disease that is plaguing our society. "Food is more than a trade commodity," pleaded Sir John Boydorr in 1946. "It is an essential to life." The first director-general of the new Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Boydorr fruitlessly proposed plans for a World Food Board to protect nations and people from hunger in the world market system. That market system does not distribute food on the basis of nutritional need. This is one of the most troubling and complex realities of the world hunger problem. During recent famines in Ethiopia, in another example of the workings of the marketplace, foreign food aid begins trucked to famine areas from ships at the docks passed food leaving the famine areas on other vehicles. Merchants were taking food from famine areas to parts of the country where there was no famine. World Hunger and poverty can be seen in many ways. But first lets establish a solid definition of poverty : Poverty is a state in which the ability of individuals or groups to use power to bring about good for themselves, their families, and their community is weakened or blocked. When someone lacks food, this is referred to as material poverty. This sort of poverty can hurt people in many ways, it can hurts people's self esteem and it can also hurt their outlook on life. Lets say you come home from work to see your family, instead of seeing a family which is happy because it has a roof over its head you come home to see that your children don't have enough food on the table to keep them properly nourished. This hurts familys and tears some of them apart. It is also just a very cruel punishment because after a while of being hungry, you start to starve to death and when you starve, the body just starts to eat itself up to find the nourishment it needs. It can also effect people's outlook on life and on people in a major way. People who are denied food can start to hate life and everyone around them. There's also two instincts in life that will always kick in when your hungr y: The survival instinct which is to survive no matter what the situation is and the instinct to provide food for your family. I am not a father myself, ... ...itary force and start trying to live like Jesus would want us to and help our fellow brothers in Christ. Due to many self-centered greedy people, we have fellow humans starving to death. This can't keep going on because every time someone starves, we are not just hurting that person but we are also hurting ourselves. We all live in the world as one race with different sections. The sections being the different nationalities we have in the world. And whenever one division gets hurt, the whole gets weakened. We need to depend on each other to survive from day to day healthy. It is true the poverty is a main cause of world hunger but it isn't the only cause. If the economy was serving the people and not the other way around then more people would have the money needed to buy food to live from day to day. And if greedy governments gave some of he people money or food they would have money to buy food. If the Military stopped using so much money to make machines that kill, there would be more money for people to buy food with. And if more people cared there would be a lot less starving peopl e in this world. If this hunger doesn't end, I can see a very pathetic world in our future.

Examine the ways Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Essay

Examine the ways Sir Arthur Conan Doyle adds a sense of mystery and suspense to the typical detective story in the sign of four. (Write about the mysterious nature of the plot. The exotic nature of the settings, the variety of personalities involved in the story on both major and minor level. The personalities of Holmes and Watson. The way late Victorian society and its attitudes are depicted. Your own response to the book. ) Sir Arthur Conan Doyle starts the mystery off in the book straight away by just naming the book â€Å"The Sign of Four†, this encourages the reader to open and start reading the book. He creates suspense in the book by not including us in the crime in the first chapter, which differs from the normal detective story; he chooses to settle you in to the story by introducing you to the characters in the story. We find out that many people respect Holmes. â€Å"Mr. Sherlock Holmes-† he began; but the words seem to have a magical effect, for the window instantly slammed shut, and within a minute the door was open. And â€Å"A friend of Sherlock Holmes is always welcome,† When the author does enter Holmes and Watson in to the crime; he creates suspense by constantly solving bits of the puzzle, and introducing new problems. This also keeps the reader interested in the novel. Doyle indulges us in the novel by letting us see the story unfold from Watson’s view; this doesn’t let us know what Holmes is thinking, and keeps us guessing, â€Å"Have u read your Jean-Paul. † This again differs from the typical detective novel, thus increasing the suspense. Another way Doyle adds mystery to the book is the way he leaves the end of chapters at cliffhangers The little man obeyed in a half-stupefied fashion, and we heard him stumbling down the stairs in the dark. The typical â€Å"Who done it? Is not present in the â€Å"Sign of four† adding mystery around the crime. The reader finds out who committed the crime half way through the novel, differing from the normal rounding up of suspects in to one room and explaining the motive, chain of events and finally the guilty party. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle differs from the norm with a very relaxed detective, Sherlock Holmes and I blankly looked at each other and then burst simultaneously into an uncontrollably fit of laughter. When they do find the right trail, they find that the criminals are intelligent. â€Å"We are out of luck,† said Holmes. â€Å"They have taken a boat here. † Suspense is increased at this point, as the women knew that a man with a wooden leg came and hired a boat late at night. â€Å"I don’t like that wooden legged man,† In the first chapter the author establishes a social hierarchy; this differs from the social hierarchy of today. In the 19th Century the rich gentleman (non-working) were considered higher in status and intelligence than doctors or teachers which today would be considered higher in society than the gentleman. This attitude is reflected in Sherlock Holmes. He is a â€Å"gentleman† that is egotistical, misogynist and vain, yet he is always right. His knowledge is referred to at the start of the book when he is casually taking drugs. Again differing from the typical detective novel as usually you would not associate the hero, with being a drug taker showing differences in 19th century society to nowadays. He smiled at my vehemence. â€Å"Perhaps you are right, Watson,† As u can see Holmes is condescending Watson in the previous quote, showing the difference in society, as we would probably listen to a doctor if he told us something was bad. His intelligence shows again when he produces a likely (correct) storyline. The most obvious difference in society from the 19th century is that the language has changed, sentences are said in different orders and words have â€Å"evolved† (e. g. from thus to that). Watson is put in the Sherlock Holmes mysteries so the reader can relate to someone in the book. The reader relates to Watson because he finds out clues or puzzles the same time we do, he also finds out what Holmes is thinking when we do because Doyle chose to have a narrator involved in the story. This allows us to relate well. Watson is a very clever person making the reader relate even better as many people would not think of themselves as stupid. Watson has a personality which is a very calm, respectful, caring and modest. He never questions Holmes but is always mindful of what he is doing and obviously shows great respect for him: â€Å"He did not seem offended. On the contrary, he put his fingers together, leaned forward on his chair like one who relishes conversation. † Miss Morstan is the typical 19th Century Woman. Very frail, â€Å"angelic† woman needed to be protected by a strong man (Watson). Nowadays we would not see women as â€Å"frail† or â€Å"angelic† they are presumed competent to look after them selves. Doyle having lived in the 19th Century does not hold that opinion of women although unusually places a women at the center of the story. She, having lived in a boarding school since she was seventeen sees Watson as a â€Å"Father† figure and her feelings towards him grow stronger, and they eventually marry at the end of the book. The other characters of this story include Thaddeus Sholto, Athenly Jones and Jonathon Small. Thaddeus Sholto is a bizarre looking, bald man. He is often nervous as he has bodyguards who surprisingly are Indian. When he is first introduced in to the story he is wearing Indian clothing and smokes from a â€Å"Hookah,† his house is decorated in a typically Indian manner, he is a stereotypical hypochondriac and trusts no-one. Many 19th Century people thought that it was the best gift to be English, and people who chose to be or act a different way were considered to be mad. We nowadays would not think of foreigners as crazy unless we had met them, and got to know them well, this is associated with physiognomy, as people in the 19th Century firmly believed that they could tell if someone was bad by their facial features. He also has a great sense of moral value and respect. Athenly Jones is normally one of the people who deals with the more trivial cases in the world and only crosses paths with Holmes when he is perplexed. â€Å"When Gregson, Lestrade or Jones are out of their depths, the matter is laid before me. † When they first encounter each other Jones has a hint of envy in his voice. â€Å"You lectured us on the Bishopgate Jewell case. † He is obviously a man who does not like to be bettered and does not appear to have the same amount of respect and awe around Sherlock Holmes. We are told that Jonathon Small is, â€Å"A poorly educated man, small, active, with his right leg off, and he wears a wooden stump. † And â€Å"He is middle aged, sunburnt, and an ex-convict. † This quote in the 19th Century due to there attitudes on Physiognomy would make the readers think that he was a man to be wary of, and not trust. In the book Small is represented in a resentful, unkind manner; and is portrayed as a man who has led a hard and tiring life only wanting justification for his life, receiving what is rightfully his. Going back to the Physiognomy theory a controversial book was published in 1869 called â€Å"The Origin of the Species. † It followed the widely accepted theory of physiognomy. It made people believe that black people or â€Å"savages† were less evolutionally developed than they were. So Smalls’ accomplice from the Andaman Islands was viewed as a â€Å"savage† as well as being part of the smallest (height-wise) race on the earth. Being that they were â€Å"fierce, morose intractable people, with distorted features. † However this view was wrong and when you became loyal friends, they were loyal back. In the 19th Century many children did not attend school, either through poverty or they’re parents did not want them to go. They were left wandering the streets earning cheap money by doing errands. Sherlock Holmes refers to them as, â€Å"His dirty little Lieutenants. † He refers to them when he and Watson are hot on the trail of the Small and his accomplish. I enjoyed this book as it differs greatly from the normal detective novels creating suspense, mystery and anxiety. The way Sir Arthur Conan Doyle structured this book was very well done and deserves great praise, it kept me interested all the way through and surprised me one or two times as well. This after all did not conform to my original preconceptions of the book.

By examining their records, is the government Essay Example

By examining their records, is the government Essay Example By examining their records, is the government Essay By examining their records, is the government Essay By analyzing their records, is the authorities tougher on offense or tougher on the causes of offense? Introduction: In this essay I shall reason, by mention to those policy paperss which promote punitive-based sentencing as penalty, that the current New Labour authorities is really much tough on crime’ . Sing the causes of crime’ , I shall reason that the authorities have been instead less willing to analyze the inquiry of why wrongdoers behave in the manner they do, viz. the causes of offense, and even more loath to analyze possible ways of promoting desistent behavior in condemnable wrongdoers. More optimistically, I shall reason by reasoning that there is some indicant that the authorities is willing to analyze the causes of offense every bit long as such an scrutiny does non sabotage their coincident committedness to punitivism, although in reply to the inquiry posed at the top of this paper, there is no uncertainty that the authorities is presently tougher on offense instead than being tougher on the causes of crime’ . Street fighter on offense? The current what works’ paradigm of condemnable justness: Small demands to be said of New Labour’s current committedness to punitivism ; the government’s committedness to being tough on offense can be seen throughout their policy certification ( Home Office, 2006 ; Home Office, 2006b ) , and is by and large well-known. As Faulkner ( 2007 ) comments, it now seems to be taken for granted, under the current what works’ paradigm of condemnable justness, that all offense should so far as possible be met with penalty. The thought that tribunals could one time ( until the Criminal Justice Act 1991 ) make a probation order as an option to a sentence or penalty now seems really antique. It besides seems to be assumed that penalty has to be in some manner painful if it is to number. That is normally taken to intend prison. A individual is non thought to hold been punished if they walk free from the court’ . That premise has been an obstruction to the usage of community service and other community sentences for the last 30 old ages, and has led to relentless and in the terminal self-defeating efforts to do those sentences tougher’ by adding more and more conditions and by implementing them of all time more strictly. Street fighter on the causes of offense? A new desistence paradigm of wrongdoer direction? Constructing upon his earlier reappraisal of the empirical research [ McNeill ( 2003 ) on Burnett ( 1992 ) , Rex ( 1999 ) , Maruna ( 2001 ) and Farrall ( 2002 ) ] , the influences of Anthony Duff’s penal communicating theory ( Duff, 2001 ) , the new rehabilitationist’ motion ( Lewis, 2005 ) and empirical grounds back uping the practical necessity of certain manners of ethical pattern, a recent article by Furgus McNeill proposes a convincing normative instance for a new desistence paradigm’ of wrongdoer management’ ( McNeill, 2006 ) . Desistence theory, upon which this new paradigm is based, suggests that it is cardinal to the purpose of wrongdoer rehabilitation to understand the psychological procedures which can take a human being to alter the manner they behave ( McNeill, 2006 ) . In visible radiation of the Government’s go oning committedness to cut downing re-offending, it is surprising that desistence research has had such a hushed impact on policy and pattern, to day of the month ( McNeill, 2006 ) . Whilst it is apprehensible that such an attack might good be seen to sabotage New Labour’s coincident committedness to protecting the Law-abiding Majority’ through tougher punitory sentencing ( Home Office, 2006b ) , whether in the signifier of tutelary or community-based penalty, and therefore be seen to run beyond the rigorous competencies of criminology and forensic psychological science ( Maguire, 2004 ) , the fact is that piquing behavior is an immediate societal and political concern ; short-run embedded’ criminology can merely travel so far in postponing these built-in jobs ( Bruno walters, 2006 ) , and if condemnable behavior is to be efficaciously reformed, and recidivism reduced, soby and largeto disregard the intuitive strength of a well supported theoretical and empirical philosophy, such as that provided by desistence research ( Maruna, LeBel, 2003 ) , must be considered irresponsible. Despite this muted’ and non-general’ acknowledgment, there have been indicants that the current punitive-based what works’ paradigmiswilling to prosecute withcertainfacets of desistance theory ( accent added ) , every bit long as such developments do non necessitate the authorities to sabotage their increasing committedness to punitivismaˆ a committedness which has been described by Thomas-Peter ( 2006 ) as the new intolerance’ . For illustration, the recent successes of renewing justness techniques with grownup wrongdoers ( Sherman, 2007 ) , have been endorsed in the government’s 5 Year Strategy for Protecting the Public and Reducing Re-Offending’ ( Home Office, 2006 ) , which proposes to increase the use’ of such techniques at any phase in the condemnable justness system’ , every bit long as these are used alongside otherpenaltieslike prison or community sentences’ ( Home Office, 2006 ) . The really processes involv ed in renewing justness techniques needfully involve an scrutiny of the procedures of human desistence, such as the effects of shame and guilt ( Tangney Mashek Stuewig, 2006 ) , or reintegrative’ and disintegrative’ shaming ( Braithwait, 1989 ) , and this development must hence be welcomed by the desistance research worker ( McNeill, 2006 ) . Such a development can merely function to gnaw the bing boundaries of criminogenics, which many research workers feel to be based upon misleading’ , arbitrary’ or crude’ differentiations ( Towl, 2004 ; Crighton, 2006, Thomas-Peter, 2006 ) . If the authorities accept that considerations of shame and guilt might hold a function in modern condemnable justness policy, so it is merely a affair of clip before empirical research, such as that conducted by Morrison and Gilbert ( 2001 ) to look into the relationship between ego regard and shame, will function to broaden the boundaries of the criminogenic paddockâ€℠¢ ( Thomas-Peter, 2006 ) . Similarly, the government’s committedness to community sentencing, and more encouragingly, their recent proposal to present going-straight’ contracts between young person wrongdoers and the freshly integrated Prison and Probation Services ( Home Office, 2006 ) , demonstrate that the current paradigm of condemnable justnessiswillingto prosecute with scrutinies of the procedures of behavioral alteration,every bit long asany ensuing reforms can be accompanied by punitory countenance: as stated in the Five Year Scheme: we know that the best opportunity of anwrongdoer alteringcomes when they want to make it’ ( Home Office, 2006 ) . This peculiar facet of desistence theory has been examined at length by Burnett ( 1992 ) , who found that whilst 80 % of the wrongdoers interviewed in her survey expressed a desire to go-straight’ , merely 40 % really managed to accomplish their anticipations. Whether or non the authorities is hence right to trust so to a great exten t on this peculiar facet of the process of change’ is neither here nor at that place ; whatisof import is that this attack demonstrates that considerations of desistence will non be ignored so long as they do non significantly undermine the carrot on the stick’ paradigm upon which New Labour have based the bulk of their condemnable justness policy [ and pattern ] to day of the month ( Maruna, LeBel, 2003 ) . Decision: In decision, the current New Labour authorities is surely tougher on offense than on the causes of offense, but at that placecanbe seen an increasing willingness to analyze thewhereforeandthereforesof condemnable behavior, a willingness which seems to bespeak that the authorities is get downing to concentrate more to a great extent on the causes of offense, although there is no coincident indicant that they are be aftering to release their house committedness to punitivism and their tough stance on condemnable behavior in general! Mentions: Braithwaite, J. ( 1989 ) . Crime Shame and Reintegration. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press. Burnett, Ros ( 1992 ) The Dynamics of Recidivism. Oxford: University of Oxford Centre for Criminological Research. Duff, Anthony ( 2001 ) Punishment, Communication and Community. New York: Oxford University Press. Faulkner, D. ( 2007, forthcoming ) . Prospects for Progress in Penal Reform. To be published in Crime and Criminal Justice. Harper, G and Chitty, C. ( 2005 ) The Impact of Corrections on Re-offending: A Review of What Works’ , Home Office Research Study 291, London, Home Office. HM Inspectorate of Probation ( 2006 ) An Independent Review of a Serious Further Offence Case, Damien Hanson and Clifford White and Anthony Rice, an Independent Review of a Serious Further Offence Case, London, HM Inspectorate of Probation. Home Office ( 2006 ) A Five Year Scheme for Protecting the Public and Reducing Re-offending, CM 6717, London, Home Office. Home Office ( 2006b ) Rebalancing the condemnable justness system in favor of the observant bulk. London, Home Office. Lewis, Sam ( 2005 ) . Rehabilitation: Headline or Footnote in the New Penal Policy? ’ Probation Journal 52 ( 2 ) : 119–36. Maguire, J. ( 2004 ) . Commentary: Promising replies, and the following coevals of inquiries. Psychology, Crime and Law. Volume 10 ( 3 ) , 335-45. Maruna, Shadd ( 2001 ) Making Good. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Maruna, Shadd and Thomas LeBel 2003.Welcome Home? Analyzing the Reentry Court Concept from a Strengths-based Perspective. Western Criminology Review 4 ( 2 ) hypertext transfer protocol: //wcr.sonoma.edu/v4n2/marunalebel.html McNeill, Fergus ( 2003 ) Desistance-Focused Probation Practice’ , in W.-H. Chui and M. Nellis ( explosive detection systems ) Traveling Probation Forward: Evidence, Arguments and Practice, pp. 146–62. Harlean carpenter: Pearson Longman. Fergus McNeill A desistance paradigm for wrongdoer direction. Criminology and Criminal Justice, Vol. 6, No. 1, 39-62 ( 2006 ) Penny, Greg ( 1991 ) Virtue Theory’ , in P. Singer ( ed. ) A Companion Guide to Ethical motives, pp. 249–58. Oxford: Blackwell. Sherman A ; Strang, ( 2007 ) . Renewing Justice: the grounds. The Smith Institute. Available online at hypertext transfer protocol: //www.smith-institute.org.uk/pdfs/RJ_full_report.pdf Thomas-Peter, ( 2006 ) . Modern Context of Psychology in Corrections. In Psychological Research in Prisons, Towl, G. ( 2006 ) pp24-39. Blackwell Publishing. Towl, G. ( 2004 ) . Applied Psychological Services in HM Prison Service and the National Probation Service. In A.P.C. Needs and G. Towl ( Eds ) , Using Psychology to Forensic Practice. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. Bruno walters, R. ( 2006 ) Embedded Criminology and Knowledges of Resistance’ , in Brannigan, A. and Pavlich, G. ( explosive detection systems ) Critical Studies in Social Sciences. Wilan Publishing. Ward, T. A ; Stewart, C. ( 2003 ) . Criminogenic demands and human demands: A theoretical theoretical account. Psychology, Crime A ; Law, 9 ( 2 ) , 125–143.

The eNotes Blog 7 Wintery Novels To Cozy UpTo

7 Wintery Novels To Cozy UpTo eNoters! We are so close to springtime! Birds, bees, apple trees, and sunscreen. It’s almost in our reach. But when the sun comes back, we lose our (completely viable) excuse to stay in after school/work with our  fuzzy slippers snowflake jammies, bingeing on Netflix or absorbed in a book all night. Let’s be clear: coming from an introvert, I never condemn these practices any time of year. But the other people of the world expect, yah know, some sort of human contact every now and then. *sigh* So, let’s take advantage of the coming months’ gift of socially acceptable pajama-donning YOU time. Here’s some great winter-themed reads to keep you cozied up inside: 1) Walk in the Woods: Rediscovering America on the Appalachian Trail This â€Å"travelouge† from Bill Bryson is a light-hearted, humorous, and endearing tale of a first-hand adventure of the Appalachian Trail. Chock-full of interesting characters and almost a stream of conscious commentary, it will keep you laughing out loud or flipping pages. You’ll either want to get out and hike yourself, or stay in your reading nook. Either way contentment achieved. 2) Frozen: Heart of Dread #1 Not to be confused with the catchy Disney flick, Frozen is the first book in a YA fantastical fiction series is about a mystical, post-apocalyptic world covered in ice (yeesh†¦ I got chills typing that). You’ll follow along with the protagonist, Nat, as she tried to find a non-frozen haven. Therapeutic, right? 3) Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe Obviously a classic, but the Chronicles of Narnia stand the test of time as a wonderful winter-themed read to take you away on an adventure. Author C.S. Lewis sets the stage for conquering the Ice Queen and restoring peace tranquility (and green things!) to Narnia. I personally keep my copy nearby all winter for a quick escape into the wardrobe of Spare Oom. 4) Game of Thrones series If you haven’t been told by a Stark â€Å"winter is coming† a time or two (or twenty), then you’re missing out. These medieval fantasy masterpieces have it all: romance, deceit, politics, triumph, endless twists, and dragons. Rawr. Pro tip: The audiobooks are a wonderful way to digest the complex characters and plots. Narrated by the legendary Roy Dotrice, they are sure to keep you on your toes (and†¦ ears?) for many, many hours. 5) Life As We Knew It This novel is told through the diary of 16-year old protagonist, Miranda, as a meteor striking the moon causes the world to dive into natural disasters and extreme temperature changes. Life As We Knew It kick starts a best-selling series as Miranda copes with this new, unexpected world. Sip empathetically on your hot chocolate as snowpocalypse, tornadoes, and tsunamis run rampant. 6) The Golden Compass   Another classic, the Golden Compass is a go-to during winter. Lyra is forced to chase after a mysterious â€Å"particle† dust in the Arctic; the dust is rumored to be able to unite the universe. You and Lyra will face shape-shifting soul creatures (Daemons), dimensional worlds, and armored polar bears (of course). 7) Blankets This high-rated graphic novel is a coming of age tale involving first love, budding (and unappreciated) creativity, and loss. The artwork of the graphic novel is as beautiful as the storyline, and might be a good change of pace from traditional novels. It is a monster of a book (clocking in at 600 pages), but that just means the relatable characters and frosty adventure will keep your fuzzy-feelings around that much longer. Lets hear from you: what books help you get through the winter months?

Operations management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Operations management - Essay Example Nike is growing larger, and it is harder for competing corporations to keep up with the trend (Hill & Jones, 2011). This paper will examine the differentiation strategy, and how well it is working for the corporation. Distinctive marketing strategies are part of the corporation as they intensify their distribution in different regions. By sponsoring some of the world’s famous athletes with their merchandise, they are capitalizing on the available market. Scientific research in kinematics has pushed normal athletic wear to the limit. This is through finding out how to increase speed and agility among its users. All this is in the name of attracting more consumers, at the same time, retaining the loyal group. The different products offered work to ensure that more individuals are willing to spend their money on Nike products. This falls under product differentiation, which cannot be rivaled by any other group (Hill & Jones, 2011). In conclusion, the distinctive marketing and advertising techniques the corporation incorporates guarantees their stay at the top of the business market. The different approach to their products fosters a relationship between the corporation and its consumers. Individuals will always want more of the corporation’s products because they always have something new (Hill & Jones, 2011). As the business environment changes, it is wise for many organizations to also change. This is lest they get left behind and fail to catch up in this fast-paced, competitive business

Astronomy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 9

Astronomy - Essay Example 1 D. Advanced Computer methodologies are there which embed the light into arbitrary colors that are perceptible. The Hubble Space Telescope is intelligent to determine wavelengths starting from 0.1150 to 2 micrometers other than visible region. 2 A. Ions are charged particles whereas atoms are neutral. When an atom looses or gains an electron it is said to be ion. For example sodium metal in neutral state is composed of atoms where as sodium in sodium chloride is ion. 2 C. Hot objects release more of their light at short wavelengths. This is because of the reason that hot bodies have blue intensity peaks and thus the wavelength for blue color is relatively smaller whilst the cooler objects have red intensity peaks means their wavelength is relatively longer due to the color of the peak. 2 D. The spectrum produced from white light comprises of all colors is termed as a continuous spectrum. Continuous spectra are formed by all radiant solids, liquids and gases under high pressure. A gas at low pressure does not make a continuous spectrum but forms a line spectrum explicated as individual lines at definite frequencies of the gas. If the gas is manipulated luminescent by warmth or an electric discharge, the consequential spectrum is a bright-line, or emission, spectrum, consisting of a series of bright lines against a dark background. A dark-line, or absorption spectrum is the reciprocal of a bright-line spectrum; it is formed when white light comprising all frequencies transcends through a gas not hot sufficient to be radiant. 3. In astronomy, spectral classification is a classification of stars founded on their spectral distinctiveness. The spectral classification arrived at a specified class of a star explicating the radicalization of its chromospheres, what atomic excitations are mainly well-known in the light, providing a purposeful determination of the temperature in chromospheres. Light from a specific star is assessed by breaking it up